Makefile

Project automation with GNU Make.

Basic Structure

# Variables
APP_NAME := myapp
VERSION := 1.0.0

# Default target (first target)
.DEFAULT_GOAL := help

# Phony targets (not files)
.PHONY: help build run test clean

help: ## Show this help
    @grep -E '^[a-zA-Z_-]+:.*?## .*$$' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | sort | awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*?## "}; {printf "\033[36m%-20s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2}'

build: ## Build the application
    go build -o bin/$(APP_NAME) ./cmd/$(APP_NAME)

run: ## Run the application
    go run ./cmd/$(APP_NAME)

test: ## Run tests
    go test -v ./...

clean: ## Clean build artifacts
    rm -rf bin/ dist/

Common Patterns

Development Workflow

.PHONY: dev build test lint format

dev: ## Start development server
    npm run dev

build: ## Build for production
    npm run build

test: ## Run tests
    npm test

lint: ## Run linter
    npm run lint

format: ## Format code
    npm run format

check: lint test ## Run all checks

Docker Targets

IMAGE_NAME := myapp
IMAGE_TAG := latest

.PHONY: docker-build docker-run docker-push

docker-build: ## Build Docker image
    docker build -t $(IMAGE_NAME):$(IMAGE_TAG) .

docker-run: ## Run Docker container
    docker run -p 8080:8080 $(IMAGE_NAME):$(IMAGE_TAG)

docker-push: ## Push to registry
    docker push $(IMAGE_NAME):$(IMAGE_TAG)

Database Tasks

.PHONY: db-up db-down db-migrate db-seed

db-up: ## Start database
    docker compose up -d db

db-down: ## Stop database
    docker compose down

db-migrate: ## Run migrations
    npx prisma migrate dev

db-seed: ## Seed database
    npx prisma db seed

Environment Setup

.PHONY: setup install deps

setup: install deps ## Full setup
    @echo "Setup complete!"

install: ## Install tools
    brew install go node

deps: ## Install dependencies
    go mod download
    npm install

Variables

# Simple assignment
CC := gcc

# Recursive (evaluated when used)
FILES = $(shell find . -name "*.go")

# Conditional
DEBUG ?= 0
ifeq ($(DEBUG), 1)
    CFLAGS += -g
endif

# Environment
export NODE_ENV := production

Dependencies

# Target depends on prerequisites
build: src/main.go src/utils.go
    go build -o app $^

# Pattern rules
%.o: %.c
    $(CC) -c $< -o $@

# Order-only (directory creation)
build: | bin
    go build -o bin/app

bin:
    mkdir -p bin

Conditionals

OS := $(shell uname -s)

ifeq ($(OS), Darwin)
    OPEN := open
else
    OPEN := xdg-open
endif

docs: ## Open documentation
    $(OPEN) docs/index.html

Useful Recipes

Include Other Files

-include .env
include scripts/docker.mk

Silent Execution

install:
    @echo "Installing..."
    @npm install

Multi-line Commands

deploy:
    @echo "Deploying..." && \
    npm run build && \
    aws s3 sync dist/ s3://bucket/

Run with Args

# make run ARGS="--port 3000"

run:
    node server.js $(ARGS)

Project Template

.DEFAULT_GOAL := help
SHELL := /bin/bash

# ============================================
# Variables
# ============================================
APP_NAME := myapp
VERSION := $(shell git describe --tags --always)

# ============================================
# Development
# ============================================
.PHONY: dev build test lint

dev: ## Start dev server
    npm run dev

build: ## Build project
    npm run build

test: ## Run tests
    npm test

lint: ## Run linter
    npm run lint

# ============================================
# Docker
# ============================================
.PHONY: docker-build docker-up docker-down

docker-build: ## Build image
    docker build -t $(APP_NAME):$(VERSION) .

docker-up: ## Start services
    docker compose up -d

docker-down: ## Stop services
    docker compose down

# ============================================
# Utilities
# ============================================
.PHONY: clean help

clean: ## Clean artifacts
    rm -rf dist/ node_modules/

help: ## Show help
    @grep -E '^[a-zA-Z_-]+:.*?## .*$$' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*?## "}; {printf "\033[36m%-15s\033[0m %s\n", $$1, $$2}'