phy-deserialization-audit

Static scanner for OWASP A08:2021 — Insecure Deserialization vulnerabilities across Python, Java, PHP, Ruby, Node.js/TypeScript, and Go codebases. No API keys, no network calls, no dependencies beyond Python 3 stdlib.

What It Detects

Python

Pattern	Severity	CVE/CWE
pickle.loads(user_data)	CRITICAL	CWE-502
pickle.load(untrusted_file)	CRITICAL	CWE-502
yaml.load(data) without SafeLoader	HIGH	CVE-2017-18342
yaml.full_load() / yaml.unsafe_load()	CRITICAL	CVE-2017-18342
jsonpickle.decode(input)	CRITICAL	CWE-502
marshal.loads(data)	HIGH	CWE-502
eval(user_input) / exec(user_input)	CRITICAL	CWE-95
shelve.open(user_controlled_path)	HIGH	CWE-502

Java

Pattern	Severity	CVE/CWE
new ObjectInputStream(...).readObject()	CRITICAL	CWE-502, gadget chains
XStream.fromXML(userInput)	CRITICAL	CVE-2021-29505
new XMLDecoder(inputStream)	CRITICAL	CWE-502
ObjectMapper.readValue(input, Object.class)	HIGH	CVE-2017-7525 (Jackson polymorphic)
Serializable class with readObject() override	HIGH	CWE-502
new ObjectMapper().enableDefaultTyping()	HIGH	CVE-2017-7525

PHP

Pattern	Severity	CVE/CWE
unserialize($userInput)	CRITICAL	CWE-502, POP chains
unserialize($_GET[...]) / unserialize($_POST[...])	CRITICAL	CWE-502
unserialize($_COOKIE[...])	CRITICAL	CWE-502
unserialize(base64_decode(...))	HIGH	CWE-502

Ruby

Pattern	Severity	CVE/CWE
Marshal.load(user_input)	CRITICAL	CWE-502
YAML.load(user_input) (Psych < 4.0 default)	HIGH	CVE-2013-4164
JSON.load(input) (bypasses safe defaults)	MEDIUM	CWE-502

Node.js / TypeScript

Pattern	Severity	CVE/CWE
eval(req.body.*) or eval(req.params.*)	CRITICAL	CWE-95
new Function(userInput)	CRITICAL	CWE-95
vm.runInContext(userInput, ...)	HIGH	CWE-94
vm.Script(userInput).runIn*	HIGH	CWE-94
require(userControlledPath)	HIGH	CWE-706
child_process.exec(unsanitizedInput)	CRITICAL	CWE-78 (adjacent)

Go

Pattern	Severity	CVE/CWE
gob.NewDecoder(conn).Decode(&interface{})	HIGH	CWE-502
encoding/xml.Unmarshal with interface{} target	MEDIUM	CWE-502
json.Unmarshal into interface{} then unsafe cast	MEDIUM	CWE-20

Taint Flow Logic

The scanner uses a two-pass approach:

Pass 1 — Dangerous sink detection: Find all pattern matches per file.

Pass 2 — HTTP input proximity check: Within the same function block (±40 lines), look for HTTP input markers:

• Python: request.body, request.data, request.POST, request.GET, flask.request, request.json
• Java: HttpServletRequest, @RequestBody, @RequestParam, getParameter(, getInputStream(
• PHP: $_GET, $_POST, $_REQUEST, $_COOKIE, $_FILES, file_get_contents("php://input")
• Ruby: params[, request.body, JSON.parse(request.body)
• Node.js: req.body, req.params, req.query, req.headers, request.body
• Go: r.Body, r.URL.Query(), r.FormValue(

If HTTP input marker found near sink → CRITICAL or HIGH If no HTTP input marker visible → downgrade one level (informational) with note: "Verify data source"

Safe patterns (excluded):

• yaml.safe_load(...) — OK
• yaml.load(data, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader) — OK
• pickle.loads(STATIC_BYTES) where argument is a literal — OK
• eval("1 + 2") with string literal — OK

Implementation

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
phy-deserialization-audit — OWASP A08:2021 scanner
Usage: python3 audit_deserial.py [path] [--json] [--ci]
"""
import argparse
import json
import os
import re
import sys
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional

# ─── Severity ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
CRITICAL, HIGH, MEDIUM, INFO = "CRITICAL", "HIGH", "MEDIUM", "INFO"

@dataclass
class Finding:
    file: str
    line: int
    pattern_name: str
    matched_text: str
    severity: str
    cwe: str
    cve: Optional[str]
    description: str
    fix: str
    has_http_taint: bool = False

# ─── Pattern registry ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
# (pattern_name, regex, base_severity, cwe, cve, description, fix)
PATTERNS = {
    ".py": [
        ("PICKLE_LOADS",
         re.compile(r'\bpickle\.loads?\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-502", None,
         "pickle.load/loads deserializes arbitrary Python objects — remote code execution if input is user-controlled.",
         "Never deserialize user input with pickle. Use json.loads() + schema validation (Pydantic/marshmallow)."),

        ("YAML_UNSAFE_LOAD",
         re.compile(r'\byaml\.(?:load|full_load|unsafe_load)\s*\((?![^)]*SafeLoader)'),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", "CVE-2017-18342",
         "yaml.load() without Loader=yaml.SafeLoader executes arbitrary Python code embedded in YAML.",
         "Replace with yaml.safe_load(data) or yaml.load(data, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)."),

        ("JSONPICKLE_DECODE",
         re.compile(r'\bjsonpickle\.decode\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-502", None,
         "jsonpickle.decode() restores full Python object graphs — arbitrary code execution.",
         "Do not use jsonpickle for untrusted input. Use json.loads() + strict schema."),

        ("MARSHAL_LOADS",
         re.compile(r'\bmarshal\.loads?\s*\('),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", None,
         "marshal is not intended for untrusted data and can execute code.",
         "Replace with json.loads() and validate schema."),

        ("EVAL_EXEC",
         re.compile(r'\b(?:eval|exec)\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-95", None,
         "eval()/exec() with user-controlled input leads to arbitrary code execution.",
         "Remove eval/exec. Use ast.literal_eval() for safe literal evaluation, or a proper parser."),

        ("SHELVE_OPEN",
         re.compile(r'\bshelve\.open\s*\('),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", None,
         "shelve uses pickle internally — path traversal + deserialization risk.",
         "Ensure path is never user-controlled; prefer a proper database or JSON store."),
    ],
    ".java": [
        ("OBJECT_INPUT_STREAM",
         re.compile(r'\bnew\s+ObjectInputStream\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-502", None,
         "Java deserialization via ObjectInputStream enables gadget-chain attacks (Apache Commons, Spring).",
         "Use a type-validating ObjectInputStream wrapper (e.g., Apache Commons ValidatingObjectInputStream) or replace with JSON/Protobuf."),

        ("XSTREAM_FROM_XML",
         re.compile(r'\.fromXML\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-502", "CVE-2021-29505",
         "XStream.fromXML() can execute arbitrary code via crafted XML.",
         "Upgrade XStream ≥1.4.18 and enable allowlist: xstream.addPermission(NoTypePermission.NONE)."),

        ("XML_DECODER",
         re.compile(r'\bnew\s+XMLDecoder\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-502", None,
         "XMLDecoder can instantiate arbitrary Java objects from XML — remote code execution.",
         "Never use XMLDecoder with untrusted input. Use a JSON parser or JAXB with an allowlist."),

        ("JACKSON_OBJECT_CLASS",
         re.compile(r'\.readValue\s*\([^,]+,\s*Object\.class\s*\)'),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", "CVE-2017-7525",
         "Jackson readValue to Object.class enables polymorphic deserialization attacks.",
         "Always specify a concrete class: mapper.readValue(json, MyDto.class)."),

        ("JACKSON_DEFAULT_TYPING",
         re.compile(r'\.enableDefaultTyping\s*\('),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", "CVE-2017-7525",
         "enableDefaultTyping() allows arbitrary class instantiation via @class field.",
         "Remove enableDefaultTyping(). Use @JsonTypeInfo on specific types only."),

        ("SERIALIZABLE_READOBJECT",
         re.compile(r'private\s+void\s+readObject\s*\(\s*ObjectInputStream'),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", None,
         "Custom readObject() override — verify it validates state before use.",
         "Validate all fields in readObject(); throw InvalidObjectException on unexpected values."),
    ],
    ".php": [
        ("PHP_UNSERIALIZE_INPUT",
         re.compile(r'\bunserialize\s*\(\s*\$(?:_GET|_POST|_REQUEST|_COOKIE|_SERVER)\b'),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-502", None,
         "unserialize() on HTTP input enables PHP Object Injection (POP chains → RCE).",
         "Never call unserialize() on user input. Use json_decode() with strict schema validation."),

        ("PHP_UNSERIALIZE_VAR",
         re.compile(r'\bunserialize\s*\('),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", None,
         "unserialize() on potentially user-controlled data.",
         "Verify data source. Replace with json_decode() wherever possible."),

        ("PHP_UNSERIALIZE_BASE64",
         re.compile(r'\bunserialize\s*\(\s*base64_decode\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-502", None,
         "base64 obfuscation does not protect against PHP Object Injection.",
         "Remove entirely. Use signed tokens (JWT/HMAC) to pass state between requests."),
    ],
    ".rb": [
        ("RUBY_MARSHAL_LOAD",
         re.compile(r'\bMarshal\.load\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-502", None,
         "Marshal.load executes arbitrary Ruby code from crafted binary data.",
         "Never deserialize untrusted data with Marshal. Use JSON.parse + schema validation."),

        ("RUBY_YAML_LOAD",
         re.compile(r'\bYAML\.load\s*\((?![^)]*safe)'),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", "CVE-2013-4164",
         "YAML.load() with Psych < 4.0 allows arbitrary object instantiation.",
         "Replace with YAML.safe_load() or YAML.load(data, permitted_classes: [])."),

        ("RUBY_JSON_LOAD",
         re.compile(r'\bJSON\.load\s*\('),
         MEDIUM, "CWE-502", None,
         "JSON.load() creates Ruby objects from JSON — prefer JSON.parse.",
         "Replace with JSON.parse() which only produces standard types."),
    ],
    ".js": _build_js_patterns(),
    ".ts": _build_js_patterns(),
    ".go": [
        ("GO_GOB_INTERFACE",
         re.compile(r'gob\.NewDecoder\s*\([^)]+\)\.Decode\s*\(&\s*(?:interface|any)\s*\{?\}?'),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", None,
         "gob decoding into interface{} without type registration is unsafe with untrusted data.",
         "Use gob.Register() to allowlist concrete types, or prefer encoding/json with a concrete struct."),

        ("GO_XML_INTERFACE",
         re.compile(r'xml\.Unmarshal\s*\([^,]+,\s*&\s*(?:interface|any)\s*\{?\}?'),
         MEDIUM, "CWE-502", None,
         "xml.Unmarshal into interface{} loses type safety.",
         "Unmarshal into a concrete struct type."),
    ],
}

def _build_js_patterns():
    return [
        ("JS_EVAL",
         re.compile(r'\beval\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-95", None,
         "eval() with user-controlled input leads to arbitrary JS execution.",
         "Remove eval(). Use JSON.parse() for data, or a proper expression parser (e.g., mathjs)."),

        ("JS_NEW_FUNCTION",
         re.compile(r'\bnew\s+Function\s*\('),
         CRITICAL, "CWE-95", None,
         "new Function() constructs executable code — equivalent to eval().",
         "Avoid new Function() with user input. Use structured data and validation instead."),

        ("JS_VM_RUN",
         re.compile(r'\bvm\.(?:runIn(?:New)?Context|Script)\s*\('),
         HIGH, "CWE-94", None,
         "Node.js vm module does not provide a security sandbox — code can escape the context.",
         "Do not use vm for untrusted code execution. Use isolated-vm or a subprocess-based sandbox."),

        ("JS_DYNAMIC_REQUIRE",
         re.compile(r'\brequire\s*\(\s*(?:req\.|params\.|query\.|body\.)'),
         HIGH, "CWE-706", None,
         "Dynamic require() with user-controlled path enables path traversal and module injection.",
         "Whitelist allowed module names; never pass user input directly to require()."),

        ("JS_SERIALIZE_JS",
         re.compile(r'\bserialize\s*\([^)]*(?:req\.|params\.|query\.|body\.)'),
         HIGH, "CWE-502", None,
         "serialize-javascript or similar with user-controlled objects can produce executable code.",
         "Never serialize user-supplied objects for client transmission without sanitization."),
    ]

# HTTP input markers per language
HTTP_MARKERS = {
    ".py":   re.compile(r'request\.(body|data|json|POST|GET|form|files|args)|flask\.request|tornado\.web|django\.http'),
    ".java": re.compile(r'HttpServletRequest|@RequestBody|@RequestParam|getParameter\(|getInputStream\(|@PathVariable'),
    ".php":  re.compile(r'\$_(?:GET|POST|REQUEST|COOKIE|FILES)|php://input'),
    ".rb":   re.compile(r'\bparams\[|request\.body|request\.params'),
    ".js":   re.compile(r'\breq\.(body|params|query|headers)|request\.(body|params)'),
    ".ts":   re.compile(r'\breq\.(body|params|query|headers)|request\.(body|params)'),
    ".go":   re.compile(r'r\.Body|r\.URL\.Query\(\)|r\.FormValue\(|r\.Header\.Get\('),
}

SAFE_PATTERNS = {
    ".py": re.compile(r'yaml\.safe_load|Loader\s*=\s*yaml\.SafeLoader|ast\.literal_eval'),
    ".rb": re.compile(r'YAML\.safe_load|JSON\.parse'),
    ".java": re.compile(r'ValidatingObjectInputStream|addPermission'),
}

def scan_file(filepath: Path) -> list[Finding]:
    suffix = filepath.suffix.lower()
    if suffix not in PATTERNS:
        return []
    try:
        lines = filepath.read_text(encoding="utf-8", errors="replace").splitlines()
    except (OSError, PermissionError):
        return []

    full_text = "\n".join(lines)
    findings: list[Finding] = []
    http_marker = HTTP_MARKERS.get(suffix)
    safe_pat = SAFE_PATTERNS.get(suffix)

    for (name, pat, base_sev, cwe, cve, desc, fix) in PATTERNS[suffix]:
        for m in pat.finditer(full_text):
            lineno = full_text[:m.start()].count("\n") + 1

            # Skip if a safe alternative is on the same line
            line_text = lines[lineno - 1]
            if safe_pat and safe_pat.search(line_text):
                continue

            # Check for HTTP taint in surrounding ±40 lines
            start = max(0, lineno - 40)
            end = min(len(lines), lineno + 40)
            context = "\n".join(lines[start:end])
            has_http = bool(http_marker and http_marker.search(context)) if http_marker else False

            # Downgrade severity if no HTTP taint visible
            sev = base_sev
            if not has_http:
                if sev == CRITICAL:
                    sev = HIGH
                elif sev == HIGH:
                    sev = MEDIUM

            findings.append(Finding(
                file=str(filepath),
                line=lineno,
                pattern_name=name,
                matched_text=line_text.strip()[:120],
                severity=sev,
                cwe=cwe,
                cve=cve,
                description=desc,
                fix=fix,
                has_http_taint=has_http,
            ))

    return findings

def walk_files(root: Path, exts: set[str]) -> list[Path]:
    skip_dirs = {".git", "node_modules", "vendor", "__pycache__", ".venv", "venv",
                 "dist", "build", "target", ".gradle", ".mvn"}
    results = []
    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root):
        dirnames[:] = [d for d in dirnames if d not in skip_dirs]
        for fname in filenames:
            if Path(fname).suffix.lower() in exts:
                results.append(Path(dirpath) / fname)
    return results

SEV_ORDER = {CRITICAL: 0, HIGH: 1, MEDIUM: 2, INFO: 3}
ICONS = {CRITICAL: "🔴", HIGH: "🟠", MEDIUM: "🟡", INFO: "⚪"}

def format_text_report(findings: list[Finding], scanned: int) -> str:
    by_sev: dict[str, list[Finding]] = {CRITICAL: [], HIGH: [], MEDIUM: [], INFO: []}
    for f in findings:
        by_sev[f.severity].append(f)

    lines = [
        "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━",
        "  DESERIALIZATION AUDIT REPORT (OWASP A08:2021)",
        "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━",
        f"  Scanned: {scanned} files",
        f"  Findings: {len(by_sev[CRITICAL])} CRITICAL  {len(by_sev[HIGH])} HIGH  {len(by_sev[MEDIUM])} MEDIUM",
        "",
    ]

    for sev in [CRITICAL, HIGH, MEDIUM]:
        group = by_sev[sev]
        if not group:
            continue
        lines.append(f"{ICONS[sev]} {sev} ({len(group)} findings)")
        lines.append("")
        for f in sorted(group, key=lambda x: x.file):
            rel = os.path.relpath(f.file)
            taint = "⚡ HTTP taint confirmed" if f.has_http_taint else "⚠️  HTTP taint unconfirmed — verify source"
            lines += [
                f"  {rel}:{f.line} — {f.pattern_name}",
                f"  Code:   {f.matched_text}",
                f"  Taint:  {taint}",
                f"  Risk:   {f.description}",
                f"  {f.cwe}" + (f"  {f.cve}" if f.cve else ""),
                f"  Fix:    {f.fix}",
                "",
            ]

    critical_count = len(by_sev[CRITICAL])
    lines += [
        "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━",
        f"  CI gate exit code: {'1 (CRITICAL findings present)' if critical_count else '0 (clean)'}",
        "  Full audit docs: https://owasp.org/A08_2021-Software_and_Data_Integrity_Failures/",
        "━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━",
    ]
    return "\n".join(lines)

def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="OWASP A08:2021 deserialization auditor")
    parser.add_argument("path", nargs="?", default=".", help="Root directory to scan")
    parser.add_argument("--json", action="store_true", help="JSON output")
    parser.add_argument("--ci", action="store_true", help="Exit 1 if CRITICAL found")
    args = parser.parse_args()

    root = Path(args.path).resolve()
    supported_exts = {".py", ".java", ".php", ".rb", ".js", ".ts", ".go"}
    files = walk_files(root, supported_exts)

    all_findings: list[Finding] = []
    for f in files:
        all_findings.extend(scan_file(f))
    all_findings.sort(key=lambda x: (SEV_ORDER[x.severity], x.file, x.line))

    if args.json:
        import dataclasses
        print(json.dumps([dataclasses.asdict(f) for f in all_findings], indent=2))
    else:
        print(format_text_report(all_findings, len(files)))

    if args.ci:
        has_critical = any(f.severity == CRITICAL for f in all_findings)
        sys.exit(1 if has_critical else 0)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Usage

Scan current directory:

python3 audit_deserial.py

Scan a specific project:

python3 audit_deserial.py ~/projects/myapp

JSON output (pipe to jq):

python3 audit_deserial.py --json | jq '[.[] | select(.severity == "CRITICAL")]'

CI fail-gate (exits 1 if any CRITICAL):

python3 audit_deserial.py --ci && echo "Clean" || echo "CRITICAL deserialization risks found"

GitHub Actions integration:

- name: Deserialization Audit
  run: |
    python3 .claude/skills/phy-deserialization-audit/audit_deserial.py --ci

Sample Output

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
  DESERIALIZATION AUDIT REPORT (OWASP A08:2021)
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
  Scanned: 84 files
  Findings: 2 CRITICAL  3 HIGH  1 MEDIUM

🔴 CRITICAL (2 findings)

  api/views.py:145 — PICKLE_LOADS
  Code:   data = pickle.loads(request.body)
  Taint:  ⚡ HTTP taint confirmed
  Risk:   pickle.load/loads deserializes arbitrary Python objects — RCE if input is user-controlled.
  CWE-502
  Fix:    Never deserialize user input with pickle. Use json.loads() + Pydantic/marshmallow.

  api.php:89 — PHP_UNSERIALIZE_INPUT
  Code:   $obj = unserialize($_POST['data']);
  Taint:  ⚡ HTTP taint confirmed
  Risk:   unserialize() on HTTP input enables PHP Object Injection (POP chains → RCE).
  CWE-502
  Fix:    Never call unserialize() on user input. Use json_decode() with strict schema validation.

🟠 HIGH (3 findings)

  src/loader.java:34 — OBJECT_INPUT_STREAM
  Code:   Object obj = new ObjectInputStream(socket.getInputStream()).readObject();
  Taint:  ⚡ HTTP taint confirmed
  Risk:   Java deserialization via ObjectInputStream enables gadget-chain attacks.
  CWE-502
  Fix:    Use ValidatingObjectInputStream from Apache Commons IO or replace with JSON/Protobuf.

  config/parser.py:28 — YAML_UNSAFE_LOAD
  Code:   cfg = yaml.load(config_str)
  Taint:  ⚠️  HTTP taint unconfirmed — verify source
  Risk:   yaml.load() without SafeLoader executes arbitrary Python code embedded in YAML.
  CWE-502  CVE-2017-18342
  Fix:    Replace with yaml.safe_load(data) or yaml.load(data, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader).

  app.js:67 — JS_EVAL
  Code:   const result = eval(req.query.expr);
  Taint:  ⚡ HTTP taint confirmed
  Risk:   eval() with user-controlled input leads to arbitrary JS execution.
  CWE-95
  Fix:    Remove eval(). Use JSON.parse() for data, or a proper expression parser.

🟡 MEDIUM (1 finding)

  lib/api.rb:12 — RUBY_JSON_LOAD
  Code:   obj = JSON.load(params[:data])
  Taint:  ⚡ HTTP taint confirmed
  Risk:   JSON.load() creates Ruby objects from JSON — prefer JSON.parse.
  CWE-502
  Fix:    Replace with JSON.parse() which only produces standard types.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
  CI gate exit code: 1 (CRITICAL findings present)
  Full audit docs: https://owasp.org/A08_2021-Software_and_Data_Integrity_Failures/
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

CVE/CWE Reference

Vulnerability	CVE	CVSS	Impact
Java deserialization gadget chains	Multiple	9.8 CRITICAL	RCE
Python pickle RCE	—	9.8 CRITICAL	RCE
XStream XML deserialization	CVE-2021-29505	8.8 HIGH	RCE
SnakeYAML / PyYAML unsafe load	CVE-2017-18342	9.8 CRITICAL	RCE
Jackson polymorphic deserialization	CVE-2017-7525	9.8 CRITICAL	RCE
PHP Object Injection (POP chains)	Multiple	9.0 CRITICAL	RCE

Relationships to Other phy- Skills

Companion Skill	When to Use Together
phy-jwt-auth-audit	Auth + deserialization both present in API layers
phy-cors-audit	Network boundary misconfig + input handling risks
phy-regex-audit	Before deploying: full input-handling security sweep
phy-env-doctor	Ensure no deserialization keys/secrets in .env